Updates in the Use of 3D Bioprinting in Biomedical Engineering for Clinical Application: A Review
Ali Hamad Mohammed Al-Mansour
Biomedical Engineering, Maternity and Children Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Nasser Gvin Al Rizk
Medical Devices Technician, Khabash General Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Hamad Mohammed Shaman Al-Mansour
Medical Devices Technician, Khabash General Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Hadi Salem Faraj Al Mahamed
Medical Devices Technician, Khabash General Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Hussain Saleh Muidh Al Sharmah
Medical Devices Technician, Khabash General Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Ali Mohammed Al-mahamed
Biomedical Engineering, Maternity and Children Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Jaber Mohammed Al-hattab
Medical Devices Technician, Maternity and Children Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad Mohammed Hamad Almansour
Medical Device Technician, Eradah Complex for Mental Health Najran, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is one of the most well-liked new innovative and promising manufacturing techniques, which has demonstrated tremendous potential for the creation of biostructures in tissue engineering, particularly for bones, orthopaedic tissues, and related organs. 3D printing for the medical industry was considered a lofty pipe dream. Time and money, though, made it a reality. Today's 3D printing technology has a significant possibility to assist pharmaceutical and medical corporations in developing more specialised pharmaceuticals, enabling the quick creation of medical implants, and transforming how doctors and surgeons approach surgical planning. In today's practise of precision medicine and for individualised therapies, patient-specific anatomical models that are 3D printed are becoming increasingly helpful tools. In contrast to the conventional use of 3D printing to create cell-free scaffolds, 3D bioprinting requires various technical methods, such as biomimicry, autonomous self-assembly, and mini-tissue building blocks, to create 3D structures with mechanical and biological properties suitable for the deposition of living cells and the restoration of tissue and organ function. Cells, bioinks, and bioprinters are all necessary components of the bioprinting process, and each one of them has biological, technological, ethical, and cost- and clinically-effectiveness-related issues. As a result, there are several difficulties in integrating 3D bioprinting into widespread clinical practise. Currently, there are multiple applications for 3D bioprinting such as in surgery, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal and even in drug screening. All of which will be discussed in this review.
Keywords: Three-dimensional printing, 3D Bioprinting, biomedical engineering, 3D bioprinting in clinical application