Length of Hospital Stay and Oseltamivir in Mild or Moderate Degree COVID-19 Patients in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Intan Lestari
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.
Valentina Yurina
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.
Diana Lyrawati *
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by a new strain of corona virus that affect the human respiratory tract.
Aims: The aim of the study is to retrogressively review the use of antivirals on COVID-19 patients on their length of hospital stay (LoS) with mild and moderate degree of symptoms.
Study design: This cross-sectional study used medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients, hospitalized, and achieved recovery during May-November 2020.
Place and Duration of Study: Data were collected retrospectively at a General Hospital, Deli Serdang, North Sumatera, Indonesia.
Methodology: Convenient sampling technique was used to select 185 patient’s results who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: The result showed that Oseltamivir was the only antiviral agent prescribed for COVID-19 patients. Oseltamivir was given to 80% of the patients and no antiviral agents for the rest 20%. The median LoS of COVID-19 patients with Oseltamivir was 11 days (ranged 2-34 days), whereas of those without antiviral agent was 12 days (ranged 4-29 days) at p = 0.049. Also, there were significant differences observed in group of mild and moderate degree with number of symptoms, i.e. less symptoms associated with less length of hospital stay (adjusted p=0.0003). In COVID-19 patients group with mild degree and one symptom, again, Oseltamivir treatment had shorter LoS (median 5, ranged 3-9 days) than those not on Oseltamivir treatment (median 12, ranged 6-20 days) at p = 0.0725. In moderate degree of COVID-19 patients with one symptom who were treated with Oseltamivir, LOS shortened (median 5 days) when compared to those without oseltamivir (median 12 days) (p= 0.0342).
Conclusion: In this study, the administration of oseltamivir was observed to shorten the length of stay of COVID-19 patients in the hospital.
Keywords: COVID-19, antiviral, oseltamivir, length of stay, Indonesia