Glibenclamide-Loaded Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Nanoparticles and Glibenclamide-Loaded Soluplus® Nanomicelles Intended for Parenteral Administration: Effect of Solvents Mixtures on the Electrosprayed Nanoparticles and In vitro Characterization
Maryam Al-Ghezi *
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Jadiriya, 10071, Baghdad, Iraq.
Raghad F. Almilly
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Jadiriya, 10071, Baghdad, Iraq.
Wedad K. Ali
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Qadisiya st.,10015, Baghdad, Iraq.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Objective: Glibenclamide (GB) is showing promising results in central nervous system (CNS) injuries treatment where intravenous administration of GB could overcome the oral limitations and assure maximum bioavailability. Dry powder of GB nanoparticles reconstituted for parenteral administration was prepared through electrospraying.
Methods: The drug was incorporated with two polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Soluplus® (SP), at ratios 1:4 and 1:2 (GB/polymer). Different solvent mixtures were used to formulate the particles. Physicochemical characteristics were investigated.
Results: The size of the GB-PVP nanoparticle ranged between (409-775) nm with a spherical, disk, fractured and, agglomerated morphology, while those of the GB-SP nanomicelles were of (447-785) nm with mostly irregular morphology, in consequence to the used solvents mixtures. The high encapsulation efficiency ≥ 98% reflects the well dispersed drug molecules within the polymer matrix, further confirmed by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. GB-SP colloidal dispersions showed neutral zeta potentials with a cloud point of 36 ˚C, indicating prolonged circulation time and stability after parenteral administration. GB/SP nanomicelles at ratio 1:4 showed a sustained drug release reaching ≥ 94% in 36 hours.
Conclusion: The GB-SP nanomicelles with extended drug release and regarding physicochemical properties represent a remarkable drug delivery system for parenteral administration.
Keywords: Glibenclamide, Soluplus®, polymeric nanomicelles, electrospraying, parenteral administration, nanoparticles, PVP