Prevalence, Causes and Management of Obstruction of Common Bile Duct: Review Article
Mohammed Elnibras Abdelrahim Mohammed *
Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Sultan Suliman Q Al-Ruwaili
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal Saeed A. Al-Ghamdi
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed Abdullah S. Alasmari
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Muath Sulaiman G. Alhamdi
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Khaled Abdullah S. Alasmari
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Sultan Abdulrahman S. Alamrani
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Bandar Mohammed A. Abu murad
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Bedour Eid H. Alatawi
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Mohammed Alrofydi
King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia.
Razan Ahmed F. Aljuhani
Prince Rashid Ben Al-Hasan Military Hospital, Jordan.
Mariyah Ihab Alzayer
Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland.
Abdalah Emad S. Almhmd
Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal Ibrahim S. Alsukairan
Imam Mohammed Bin Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
Mona Awad O. Al Balawi
Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Gallstones cause biliary obstruction in about 5 out of 1000 people, whereas 10 to 15% of the adult population in the United States will have gallstones at some point in their lives. Gall stones, also known as cholelithiasis, are the precursor of choledocholithiasis, which occurs when gall stones pass through the cystic duct and lodge in the common hepatic ducts, causing an obstruction. Routine labs and some specialized labs are used in the diagnosis of biliary blockage. Severe complications can happen if left unchecked such as damaging the hepatic dysfunction, renal failure, nutritional deficiencies, bleeding problems, and infections. Treatment depends on the causing effect of bile duct obstruction. Sphincterotomy with lithotripsy, choledochotomy, choledochoduodenostomy, choledochojejunostomy, or cholecystectomy are the most used for large gall stones treatment. This review looks at the prevalence, etiology and management of the disease.
Keywords: Gallstones, biliary obstruction, choledocholithiasis, cholecystectomy