A Review on Diagnosis and Management of Cervical Spondylosis
Ahmed Abdulaziz G. Ibrahim *
King Salman Military Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Ali Mohammed A. Alahmari
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Hassan F. Alsuayri
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Misfer M. Algomshah
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Saeed Ghanem S. Almlfi
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Ayman Dhaifallah A. Alamri
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Sara Saeed Al-Akalbi
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Kady Hassan Althunayan
Bisha University, Saudi Arabia.
Sarah Ibrahim Ali Alhammad
Vision College of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Wejdan Ibrahim Ali alhammad
Vision College of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sadaf Esmail Buarish
Vision College of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmad Abdullah A. Alsaleh
Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia.
Noura Ali Abdullah Alnamazi
Jazan University, Saudi Arabia.
Mariyah Ihab Alzayer
Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Ireland.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Cervical spondylosis is a term that encompasses a wide range of progressive degenerative changes that affect all components of the cervical spine (i.e., intervertebral discs, facet joints, Luschka joints, flava ligaments, and laminae). It is a natural aging process and occurs in most people after the age of five. Most people with radiographic spondylotic changes in the cervical spine remain asymptomatic, and 25% of those under 40, 50% of those over 40, and 85% of those over 60 show some evidence of degenerative changes , including changes in the environment. Uncovertebral joints, facet joints, posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) and yellow ligament lead to narrowing of the spinal canal and intervertebral foramina. As a result, the spinal cord, spinal vasculature, and nerve roots can become compressed, leading to the three clinical syndromes that occur with cervical spondylosis: axial neck pain, cervical myelopathy, and cervical radiculopathy. Cervical spondylosis is usually diagnosed for clinical reasons only, but imaging is also required. Treatment for cervical spondylosis can be medical or surgical, depending on whether the patient has symptoms of myelopathy, radicular pain, or neck pain.
Keywords: Diagnosis, management, cervical spondylosis, cervical spine