Nanoparticle’s Significance as Antibacterial Agents & Other Pharmaceutical Applications and Their Limitations: A Critical Review
Ranajit Nath
Department of Pharmaceutics, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata- Group of Institutions, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Ratna Roy
Department of Pharmacology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata- Group of Institutions, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Banani Mondal
Department of Pharmacology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata- Group of Institutions, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Barshana Bhattacharya
Department of Pharmacology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata- Group of Institutions, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Lokesh Ravi *
Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Bengaluru, Karnataka-560027, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) a potential next generation candidate for human well-being in the world of healthcare, have been observed to be effective anti-bacterial agents. The significance of nanoparticles as anti-bacterial agents has taken spotlight, due to the inability of pathogenic bacteria to develop resistance against NPs. In this review, mode of action of some scientifically important anti-bacterial NPs were discussed, along with summary of recent pre-clinical and clinical studies reported on anti-bacterial NPs are discussed. Some of the current hurdles and barriers that should be addressed to complete marketability and human applications, in regards to NPs as nanomedicines are also critically discussed along with focus on reported toxicity in NPs. Some additional pharmaceutical effects of NPs, reported in the recent years, such as antidiabetic and anticancer are also included for discussion. This review provides significant information on recent discoveries in the field of nanomedicines as antibiotics, that show promising future for drug development and drug delivery. As in every human domain, evidence begins to point to the actual undeniable fact that in conjunction with the existing medicine, nanomedicines could be the future of the healthcare that replace or enhance the potential current pharmaceutical drugs.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, pre-clinical study, clinical study, mechanism of action, challenges, antibacterial NPs