One Size Does Not Fit All: An Overview of Personalized Treatment in Cancer
Sohini Kulavi
Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India.
Chandreyi Ghosh
Department of Biotechnology, Techno India University, West Bengal, India.
Moumita Saha
Department of Biotechnology, Techno India University, West Bengal, India.
Sirshendu Chatterjee
*
Department of Biotechnology, Techno India University, West Bengal, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed 'one size fits all' kind of conventional treatment strategy i.e. a similar line of treatment or usage of the same drug to treat a particular disease. This approach is not associated with specific personal characteristics but with individual genetic constitutions. Precision oncology holds great opportunities to improve prediction, treatment and follow-up care for the benefit of cancer patients. In this study, many pieces of literature and various clinical data have been surveyed to understand how multiple genes are responsible for a particular cancer type and tabulate them. Having the genetic information of a patient and knowing the genes that are susceptible to mutation can help in the diagnosis. That in turn help to get the most tailored medicines, which will decrease the chances of treatment failure, which is quite common in cancer therapies. This review focuses on providing an idea of the genes whose mutation directly or indirectly can lead to cancer and other diseases also, and hence might be helpful to design separate treatment strategies for each individual in future.
Keywords: Cancer, genes, diagnosis, personalized treatment