A Demographical Assessment of Different Insulin Regimens in Non-insulin Dependent Diabetics
Sajjad Ali *
Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
Syed Atif Raza
University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Humayun Riaz
Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
Mobasher Ahmad Butt
University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Hamid Saeed
University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Zikria Saleem
University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Tanveer Ahmed Khan
Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Ishfaq Ahmad
Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The aim of present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of different insulin regimens in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with respect to their age and gender.
Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted for comparing different insulin regimens in type II diabetic patients for better glycemic control with respect to age and gender. A total of 234 consenting, known type II diabetic patients, on any insulin regimens, with at least all relevant medical records of preceding three months participated in the study. Patients were segregated into six treatment arms depending upon type of insulin prescribed i.e., insulin pre-mix 70/30, insulin split mix (N & R), long acting insulin analogue, ultra-short acting insulin analogue, insulin pre-mix 70/30 analogue and insulin pre-mix 50/50 analogue, respectively. Moreover, patients from each group were evaluated regarding diabetes knowledge and medication adherence using Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center’s Revised Diabetes Knowledge test Performa, 23 items and Morisky medication adherence scale, 4 items, respectively.
Results: Data analysis showed highly significant association among different insulin regimens with respect to the patient education (p=0.000) level. Significant association was found among different insulin regimens and patient’s occupational status (P=0.013). However, Statistically non-significant associations were observed among different insulin regimens with gender (P=0.070), marital status (P=0.183) and age (P=0.084) respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion, data demonstrated that four treatment groups i.e., long acting insulin analogue, ultra-short acting insulin analogue, insulin premix 70/30 analogue insulin pre-mix 50/50 analogue were more effective than two conventional treatment groups i.e., Insulin pre-mix 70/30 and insulin split mix (N &R) in terms of clinical outcomes in population under study. Furthermore, it was also evident from the data female receiving more insulin than males.
Keywords: Age, diabetes, gender, insulin, marital status