A Review of GENETIC Polymorphism of GSTs (Glutathione –s Transferase) Genes in Breast Cancer
Mohammad Shokrzadeh
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Nematollah Ahangar
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Abbas Mohammadpour
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Golpar Golmohammadzadeh *
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In this review article, several researchesabout genetic polymorphisms of Glutation –s transferase (GST) enzymes that may have an etiological role in breast cancer have been reviewed. Breast carcinoma is the most frequent malignancy in women and represents the second leading cause of cancer death among women and accounts for about one-fourth of female cancer cases all over the world. GSTs are a family of Phase II detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to a wide variety of xenobiotic The incorporation of glutathione increases the molecule’s water solubility. This detoxification ability to become Glutathione S-transferases play an important role in drug, carcinogen, and reactive oxygen species detoxication and act both as peroxidases and as catalysts of glutathione transfer to hydrophobic electrophiles.It is evaluated in Iran and other countries that the annual incidence of cancer in the world will increase to 25 million in 2030, of which more than 70 percent occurs in developing countries.It is the second cause of death among Iranian women and one million new cases diagnosed worldwide every year.
Keywords: Genetic polymorphism, glutathione –s transferase, breast cancer