Antidiabetic Activity of Clitoria ternatea Linn

In recent years, interest in plant study has expanded all over the world and a substantial body of evidence has been collected to illustrate the great potential of medicinal plants utilized in diverse traditional systems. Plant-based medications and chemicals have been used to treat various diseases and for personal adornment since the beginning of human civilization. Clitoria ternatea Linn, (butterfly pea) Fabaceae family. Clitoria ternatea is used to treat a variety of ailments and symptoms. It possesses antidepressant, anticonvulsant,anticancer, hypolipidemic, antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic qualities, as well aslocal anesthetic, purgative, and antidiabetic effects.It's also used to treat snake bites and scorpion stings in India.


INTRODUCTION
Clitoriaternatea has long been used in traditional medicine, primarily as supplementation to improve cognitive function and relieve symptoms of a wide range of illnesses such as fever, inflammation, pain, and diabetes [1].Clitoria ternatea is available in two flower colors: white and blue. Shankhpushpi is the local name for Clitoriaternatea Linn.It has potential uses in modern health and agriculture, as well as as a natural source of food organic dyes and antioxidants [2,3,4].Clitoriaternatea has been often used as a memory enhancer, antidepressant, antistress, sedative agent, anxiolytic, and tranquilizing agent in traditional medicine such as Ayurvedic medicine [5].

PLANT PARTS USED
For medicinal purposes plant Leaves, seeds, bark, fruits, sprouts and stems were used [7].

Food Colorants
Clitoriaternatea Flowers might be white, deep blue, or any shade in between. This coloring largely stems from the anthocyanin content and degree of fragrant acylation [8]. Clitoriaternatea's rich blue pigment is very popular in Asia, where flower petals are used to color beverages, desserts, and clothing. Clitoriaternatea flower extracts have already been utilized to make colorful blue alcoholic gins that change color according to the pH, like when mixed with tonic water or lime. The rich blue color of Clitoriaternatea flowers, in particular, is a popular substitute for synthetic blue food colorants, which are becoming less popular owing to health concerns [9].

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY
Diabetes mellitus is a condition characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and difficulties with carbohydrate, lipid [10] and protein metabolism connected with a total or relative lack of insulin action or insulin secretion [11,12,13 Current research has concentrated on the impact of Clitoriaternatea extracts on glycemic response and antioxidant capacity in humans. In short clinical research involving 15 healthy males, it was shown that when 1 or 2 grams of Clitoriaternatea extract were combined with 50 g of sucrose, plasma glucose and insulin levels were reduced [18]. Suganya et al.
[20] also observed that an ethanolic extract of Clitoriaternatea leaves and flowers has an antidiabetic effect in vitro. In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the hypoglycemic effects of methanol extract of Clitoriaternatea leaves (200 and 400 mg/kg) were studied. 12 hrs after injection, the extract of Clitoriaternatea substantially (P<001) decreased blood glucose levels in alloxaninduced diabetic rats [21]. For 84 days, oral treatment of aqueous extracts of Clitoriaternatea leaves (400mg/kg body weight) and flowers (400mg/kg body weight)showed significantly reduced serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine and the activity of gluconeogenic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, but increased serum insulin, HDL-cholesterol, protein, liver and skeletal muscle glycogen content and the activity of glycolytic enzyme glucokinaseClitoriaternatea leaves treated diabetic rats performed somewhat better than Clitoriaternatea flowers treated diabetic rats in all of the following biochemical parameters studied [22,23]. In comparison to the diabetic control group, chronic administration of plant extracts (100 mg/kg) for 14 days decreases the blood glucose levels in diabetes-induced animals (Wistar Albino rats) [24].
The extracts of Clitoriaternatea was tested against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumonia, B.

CONCLUSION
The organic and aqueous extracts of Clitoriaternatea might be used in the pharmaceutical sector in the future as a source of beneficial phytochemical substances, and the antioxidant mechanisms and anti-proliferative capabilities of the extracts should be explored further to obtain further applicability for usage as antioxidant compounds. The above Review indicates that the leaf and flower extracts of Clitoriaternatea have a hypoglycaemic effect. At the same time, the aqueous and organic extracts of Clitoriaternatea could be further utilized in the future as a source of useful phytochemicals substances for the pharmaceutical industry.

NOTE
The study highlights the efficacy of "AYURBEDIC" which is an ancient tradition, used in some parts of India. This ancient concept should be carefully evaluated in the light of modern medical science and can be utilized partially if found suitable.

CONSENT
It is not applicable.

ETHICAL APPROVAL
It is not applicable.